Russian President Vladimir Putin will travel to Iran on Tuesday, only his second foreign trip since launching an invasion of Ukraine in February.
Mr. Putin will meet with Ayatollah Ali Khamenei of Iran and Recep Tayyip Erdogan of Turkey.
Grain exports, Syria, and Ukraine will all be discussed in Tehran, according to a Turkish official.
Since the outbreak of war in Ukraine, Russian President Vladimir Putin has limited his international visits to former Soviet states.
Mr Putin made his first international trip since February in June, visiting Tajikistan and Turkmenistan, both former Soviet republics now ruled by authoritarian rulers who are Russian allies.
Tuesday’s visit will offer Mr Putin the opportunity to deepen ties with Iran, one of Moscow’s few remaining international allies and a fellow target of Western economic sanctions.
It follows allegations by US officials last week that Tehran was planning to supply Russia with hundreds of drones for its war in Ukraine.
“The contact with Khamenei is very important,” Yuri Ushakov, Mr Putin’s top foreign policy adviser, told a media briefing on Monday. “A trusting dialogue has developed between them on the most important issues on the bilateral and international agenda.”
Turkey and Russia have backed opposing sides in the Syrian civil war and have been searching for ways to reduce the violence in recent months.
But the meeting comes amid Turkish threats to launch a fresh offensive in northern Syria against US-backed Kurdish militants, which both Iran and Russia oppose. The operation is part of Mr Erdogan’s plans to create to create a 30km (20 mile) safe zone along Turkey’s border with Syria.
Last week, the UN Security Council agreed to reauthorise cross-border deliveries of aid to rebel-held Syria for six months after Russia had initially blocked a proposal for a one-year extension.
Ankara has also refused to impose sanctions on Moscow since Mr Putin launched his invasion of Ukraine on 24 February, with Mr Erdogan’s government seeking to play the role of mediator.
The meeting could offer an opportunity for the Turkish leader to conclude a tentative agreement struck between Russian and Ukrainian leaders to ensure the export of 22 million tonnes of desperately needed grain.
Last week, Turkey’s defence minister said both sides had agreed on ways to ensure the safety of shipping routes for grain ships.
Russia’s Black Sea fleet is said to be stopping any shipments getting in or out, and the BBC has documented mounting evidence that Moscow’s forces have stolen and exported Ukrainian grain. Other routes have been heavily mined.
“The issue of Ukrainian grain shipment will be discussed with Erdogan,” Mr Ushakov said. “We are ready to continue work on this track.”
But the talks come as local officials and farmers near the front line of the conflict accused Russia of deliberately shelling grain fields.
Oleh Pylypenko, a local politician in southern Ukraine and a former Russian prisoner, told the BBC that farmers in his constituency near the southern city of Mykolaiv were under constant artillery and missile fire.
He said Russian forces had been “shelling the fields, agricultural machinery, and grain sheds” and said that many farmers had “become victims of such attacks and received shrapnel injuries”.
“Professional firefighters from the city of Mykolaiv are afraid to go, because it is very dangerous,” he added. “Many fires are extinguished by our own efforts. But now the shelling has increased.”
